رویکردهای Imperative و Declarative

1# اسکریپت imperative
2apt-get update
3apt-get install -y nginx
4systemctl start nginx
5systemctl enable nginx
6echo "server { listen 80; }" > /etc/nginx/sites-available/default
7systemctl reload nginx

 1# پیکربندی declarative (مثلاً Ansible)
 2- name: Ensure nginx is installed and running
 3  apt:
 4    name: nginx
 5    state: present
 6
 7- name: Ensure nginx is enabled and started
 8  systemd:
 9    name: nginx
10    state: started
11    enabled: yes
12
13- name: Ensure nginx config is present
14  copy:
15    content: "server { listen 80; }"
16    dest: /etc/nginx/sites-available/default
17  notify: reload nginx

 1#!/usr/bin/env bash
 2set -euo pipefail
 3
 4# بررسی کنید فایل وجود دارد یا نه
 5if [ -f /etc/myapp/config.yml ]; then
 6  echo "Backing up existing config"
 7  cp /etc/myapp/config.yml /etc/myapp/config.yml.bak
 8fi
 9
10# کپی فایل جدید
11echo "Copying new config"
12cp config.yml /etc/myapp/config.yml
13
14# تنظیم مجوزها
15echo "Setting permissions"
16chown myapp:myapp /etc/myapp/config.yml
17chmod 640 /etc/myapp/config.yml
18
19# restart سرویس
20echo "Restarting service"
21systemctl restart myapp

 1# Ansible playbook
 2- name: Ensure config file is present
 3  copy:
 4    src: config.yml
 5    dest: /etc/myapp/config.yml
 6    owner: myapp
 7    group: myapp
 8    mode: '0640'
 9  notify: restart myapp
10
11handlers:
12  - name: restart myapp
13    systemd:
14      name: myapp
15      state: restarted

 1# Ansible playbook (declarative)
 2- name: Ensure application is deployed
 3  hosts: webservers
 4  tasks:
 5    # declarative: nginx باید نصب باشد
 6    - name: Ensure nginx is installed
 7      apt:
 8        name: nginx
 9        state: present
10
11    # imperative: اجرای یک اسکریپت سفارشی
12    - name: Run custom deployment script
13      script: scripts/deploy.sh
14      args:
15        creates: /opt/myapp/.deployed
16
17    # declarative: سرویس باید running باشد
18    - name: Ensure nginx is running
19      systemd:
20        name: nginx
21        state: started

 1#!/usr/bin/env bash
 2set -euo pipefail
 3
 4ENVIRONMENT="$1"
 5
 6echo "Deploying to $ENVIRONMENT"
 7
 8# بخش imperative: چک کردن شرایط
 9if [ "$ENVIRONMENT" == "production" ]; then
10  echo "Running pre-production checks..."
11  ./scripts/pre-deploy-checks.sh || exit 1
12fi
13
14# بخش declarative: اعمال پیکربندی
15echo "Applying configuration with Ansible..."
16ansible-playbook -i "inventory/$ENVIRONMENT" deploy.yml
17
18# بخش imperative: تست بعد از deploy
19echo "Running smoke tests..."
20./scripts/smoke-tests.sh